Electrical Basics

Mode of Delivery

Face to Face

Prerequisites and Co-Requisites

None

Recommended Optional Programme Components

-

Course Contents

Electron Theory; Structure and distribution of electrical charges within: atoms, molecules, ions, compounds; Molecular structure of conductors, semiconductors and insulators. Static Electricity and Conduction; Static electricity and distribution of electrostatic charges; Electrostatic laws of attraction and repulsion; Units of charge, Coulomb’s Law; Conduction of electricity in solids, liquids, gases and a vacuum. Electrical Terminology; The following terms, their units and factors affecting them: potential difference, electromotive force, voltage, current, resistance, conductance, charge, conventional current flow, electron flow. Electrical Production; Production of electricity by the following methods: light, heat, friction, pressure, chemical action, magnetism and motion. DC Electrical Sources; Construction and basic chemical action of: primary cells, secondary cells, lead acid cells, nickel cadmium cells, other alkaline cells; Cells connected in series and parallel; Internal resistance and its effect on a battery; Construction, materials and operation of thermocouples; Operation of photo-cells. DC Circuits; Ohms Law, Kirchoff’s Voltage and Current Laws; Calculations using the above laws to find resistance, voltage and current; Significance of the internal resistance of a supply.. Resistance; (a) Resistance and affecting factors; Specific resistance; Resistor colour code, values and tolerances, preferred values, wattage ratings; Resistors in series and parallel; Calculation of total resistance using series, parallel and series parallel combinations; Operation and use of potentiometers and rheostats; Operation of Wheatstone Bridge; Positive and negative temperature coefficient conductance; Fixed resistors, stability, tolerance and limitations, methods of construction; Variable resistors, thermistors, voltage dependent resistors; Construction of potentiometers and rheostats; Construction of Wheatstone Bridge. Power and Energy; Power, work and energy (kinetic and potential); Dissipation of power by a resistor; Power formula; Calculations involving power, work and energy. Operation and function of a capacitor; Factors affecting capacitance area of plates, distance between plates, number of plates, dielectric and dielectric constant, working voltage, voltage rating; Capacitor types, construction and function; Capacitor colour coding; Calculations of capacitance and voltage in series and parallel circuits; Exponential charge and discharge of a capacitor, time constants; Testing of capacitors.

Weekly Schedule

1) Electron Theory Structure and distribution of electrical charges within: atoms, molecules, ions, compounds; Molecular structure of conductors, semiconductors and insulators. Static Electricity and Conduction Static electricity and distribution of electrostatic charges; Electrostatic laws of attraction and repulsion; Units of charge, Coulomb's Law; Conduction of electricity in solids, liquids, gases and a vacuum.
2) Electric Terminology • Potential difference, electromotive force, voltage, current, resistance, conductance, charge, conventional current flow, the flow of electrons, the terms related to these concepts, units and factors affecting them. Electricity Generation • the electricity production using methods of light, heat, friction, pressure, chemical action, magnetism and motion;
3) DC Electricity Sources • Construction and basic chemical action of primary cells, secondary cells, lead acid cells, nickel • cadmium cells, other alkaline cells; • Cells connected in series and parallel; • Internal resistance of a battery and its effect on a battery; • Construction, materials and operation of thermocouples; • Operation of photo-cells.
4) DC Circuits • Ohm's Law, Kirchoff's Voltage and Current Laws; • Resistance, voltage and current calculation using Ohm's and Kirchoff's laws,; • The importance of the internal resistance of the source;
5) Resistance / Resistor • Resistance and factors affecting them; • Specific resistance; • Resistor colour codes, values and tolerances, mostly preferred values, ratings in Watts; • Resistors in series and parallel; • Calculation of total resistance using series, parallel and series-parallel combinations; • Operation and use of potentiometers and rheostats; • Operation of Wheatstone Bridge;
6) Power Power, work and energy (kinetic and potential); Dissipation of power by a resistor; Power formula; Calculations of power, work and energy
7) Magnetism a) • Theory of magnetism; • Properties of a magnet; • Action of a magnet suspended in the Earth's magnetic field; • Magnetisation and demagnetisation; • Magnetic shielding; • Various types of magnetic material; • Structure of Electromagnets and their principles of operation; • Hand rules to determine magnetic field around current carrying conductor;
8) Midterm examination/Assessment
9) Magnetomotive force, field strength, magnetic flux density, permeability, hysteresis loop, retentivity, coercive force reluctance, saturation point, eddy currents; Precautions for care and storage of magnets.
10) AC Theory Sinusoidal waveform: phase, period, frequency, cycle; Instantaneous, average, root mean square, peak, peak to peak current values and calculation of voltage, current and power usig these values; Triangular/Square waves; Single / 3 phase principles.
11) Transformers • Structure of Transformer and their principles of operation; • Transformer losses and methods to prevent them; • Transformer behavior under load and no-load conditions; • Calculation of line and phase voltage and current • Power calculation of a 3 phase system • Power transfer, efficiency, polarity markings; • Primary and Secondary current, voltage, turns ratio, power, efficiency; • Auto transformers.
12) Filters Operation of low pass filters, high pass filters, band pass filters, band stop filters and their application and use.
13) Electrical Power (ATA 24) Batteries, their Installation and Operation; DC power generation; AC power generation; Emergency power generation;
14) Power distribution; Inverters, transformers, rectifiers; Circuit protection; External/Ground power.
15) Power distribution; Inverters, transformers, rectifiers; Circuit protection; External/Ground power.
16) Final examination

Recommended or Required Reading

Planned Learning Activities and Teaching Methods

Assessment Methods and Criteria

Contribution of Midterm Examination to Course Grade	50%
Contribution of Final Examination to Course Grade	50%
Total	100%

Language of Instruction

Turkish

Work Placement(s)

Not Required