Electromagnetic Methods

Mode of Delivery

Face to Face

Prerequisites and Co-Requisites

None

Recommended Optional Programme Components

None

Course Contents

This course equips students with in-depth knowledge on; introduction. electromagnetic theory. Maxwell’s equations. Maxwell’s equations and boundary conditions, electromagnetic methods in geophysics, Magnetotelluric method, controlled source audio magnetotelluric method, very low frequency method, loop-loop frequency domain electromagnetic methods, time domain electromagnetic methods, ground penetrating radar (GPR), induction well logging in anisotropic media and comparison of electromagnetic methods in geophysics.

Weekly Schedule

1) Introduction EM methods History of EM methods Clasification of EM methods in geophysics
2) Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic fields Maxwell's equations The depth of penetration Boundary Conditions Wave Equation Diffusion Equation Helmholtz Equation
3) Magnetotelluric method (MT) The history of the method The source of the method (sun, lightning strikes) Field study, equipment and data acquisition Data processing
4) Magnetotelluric Theory and Forward Solution Theory (the theory of plane wave) Cagniard apparent resistivity relations Simple relations for two-layer media N-layer 1-D media
5) Introduction to MT interpretation Apparent resistivity curves Bostick Transformation
6) Inversion Algorithms and Programs for inverse problem Inversion in MT
7) Controlled-Source Magnetotelluric Method (CSAMT) The history of CSAMT Similarities and differences between MT and CSAMT method Controlled-Source Magnetotelluric Theory The solution of an electric dipole in a uniform space location problems (near and far field) The depth of penetration Measurement techniques and equipment Interpretation
8) Midterm examination/Assessment
9) Very low frequency electromagnetic method (VLF-EM) The basic principles of VLF Measured quantities Plane electromagnetic wave theory Presentation of data and interpretation Data processing with filters Areas of application of the method Comparison of other EM methods
10) Very low frequency electromagnetic method (VLF-RMT) VLF-RMT method Similarities of MT, CSAMT and VLF-RMT methods Comparion of VLF-EM and VLF-RMT Data acquisition Apparent resistivity relations Interpretation
11) Horizontal-Loop Electromagnetic Method (HLEM) Basic principles Areas of application measured quantities Specification of EM-31, EM-34 and EM-38 Data acquisition Data interpretation
12) Transient or Time DOmain Electromagnetic Method (TEM or TDEM) Basic principles Frequency and Time domain measurement techniques Measured quantaties Definitions of apparent resistivity
13) Transient or Time Domain Electromagnetic Method (TEM or TDEM) The depth of penetration TEM arrays Application areas Comparison of frequency domain methods Interpretation
14) Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) The basic principles of GPR Physical principles of the method The depth of penetration Equipment Data collection Data processing Application examples Weak and superior aspects of the method Interpretation
15) Other Electromagnetic Methods Airborne EM methods EM Methods in sea (CSEM) EM Methods in wells (Induction Well Logging)
16) Final examination

Recommended or Required Reading

1- Zhdanov, M. S. and Keller G. V., 1994, The geoelectrical methods in geophysical explorations, Elsevier Press.
2- Nabighian, M. N., 1991 (Editor), Electromagnetics Methods in Applied Geophysics, Volume I, SEG.
3- Kaufman A. A. ve Keller, G. V., 1983, Frequency and transient sounding, Elsevier.
4- Ders notları, makaleler ve bazı programlar dersin internet adresinden indirilebilecek.
5- Lecture notes, papers and some software will be available at the internet address of the class
6- Ödev ve çözümleri dersin internet adresinden indirilebilecek.
7- Homeworks and their solutions will be available at the internet address of the class.
8- Sınavlar ve cevapları dersin internet adresinden indirilebilecek.
9- Exams and their answers will be available at the internet address of the class.

Planned Learning Activities and Teaching Methods

1) Lecture
2) Discussion
3) Demonstration
4) Group Study
5) Problem Solving

Assessment Methods and Criteria

Contribution of Semester Studies to Course Grade	60%
Number Percentage Semester Studies Midterm Examination 1 30% Quiz 4 50% Project 1 20%
Contribution of Final Examination to Course Grade	40%
Total	100%

Language of Instruction

Turkish

Work Placement(s)

Not Required