Philosophy of Science

Learning Outcomes of the Course Unit

1) Explains the basic concepts of science and the factors affecting scientific discoveries.
2) Explains the differences between scientific thought and natural philosophers in antiquity
3) Explains the characteristics of scientific thought and views on education in ancient times (Socratic schools, Plato, Aristotle)
4) Explains the characteristics of scientific thought in the Hellenistic period and the reflections of the developmental process on education.
5) Discusses the nature of medieval thought and the reasons for the approach to science in the scholastic period.
6) Explains the conditions and developments that form the foundations of Renaissance and modern science (Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo).
7) Discusses Bacon's and Descartes' conceptions of method in science and Galileo's and Newton's contributions
8) Explains the views of Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz within the framework of rationalism and empiricism (method age and education).
9) Discusses the scientific approach and its reflections on education in the age of Enlightenment (J.Locke, D. Hume, Volatire, J.J. Rousseau)
10) Discusses the views of I. Kant, G.W.Hegel and A. Schopenhauer within the framework of German idealism and their reflections on education
11) Explains the formation of the Vienna Circle and the general principles of logical positivism and criticisms of positivism (Carnap, Comte, Hume).
12) Explains the views of Frankfurt school and Critical theory on science, society and education.
13) Compares the views of K.popper, Thomas Kuhn and Lakatos with the Vienna Circle.
14) Explains the phenomenological approach within the scope of the antipositivist paradigm.